Showing posts with label C&NW. Show all posts
Showing posts with label C&NW. Show all posts

Thursday, June 20, 2024

Union Pacific Freight Trains at Albany, Oregon, in Early June 2006

Union Pacific Freight Train at Albany, Oregon, on June 1, 2006

I took these pictures of Union Pacific freight trains from my car on Interstate 5 at Albany, Oregon, in early June 2006. First, on June 1, 2006, I photographed this northbound freight train led by Union Pacific #5359, a 4,400-horsepower ES44AC that was built by General Electric in January 2005 and delivered on February 3, 2005. Union Pacific gives its ES44AC locomotives the designation C45ACCTE. The second locomotive is Union Pacific #3929, a 4,000-horsepower SD70M that was built by the General Motors Locomotive Group in London, Ontario, and was delivered on June 28, 2003.

Union Pacific Freight Train at Albany, Oregon, on June 7, 2006

On June 7, 2006, I photographed this southbound freight train. The trailing locomotive is Union Pacific #9859, a 3,500-horsepower SD50 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in September 1984 as Denver & Rio Grande Western #5515. The Rio Grande merged with the Southern Pacific in 1988. After the Southern Pacific merged into the Union Pacific on September 11, 1996, this locomotive became Union Pacific #5109 on October 3, 2001, and was renumbered to Union Pacific #9859 on September 18, 2002, though it still wore its original Denver & Rio Grande paint scheme with just an Armour Yellow patch over the road number. Also noteworthy is the first car in the train, which is a Chicago & North Western boxcar. The Chicago & North Western was merged into the Union Pacific on April 24, 1995.

Union Pacific Freight Train at Albany, Oregon, on June 7, 2006

Later on June 7, 2006, I photographed this southbound freight train, led by Union Pacific #5501, a 4,400-horsepower ES44AC that was built by General Electric in June 2005 and was delivered on June 22, 2005. Union Pacific gives its ES44AC locomotives the designation C45ACCTE. It is followed by Union Pacific #8389, a 4,300-horsepower SD70ACe that was built by Electro-Motive Diesel in May 2005 and was delivered on June 3, 2005.

Sunday, November 5, 2023

1997 MSOE Society of Model Engineers New Member Orientation Program

These pictures were taken at various locations in the Milwaukee area during the Milwaukee School of Engineering Society of Model Engineers New Member Orientation Program in December 1997, and were saved from the SOME files. All of these locations have some connection to trains.

Mitchell Park Domes in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in December 1997
Mitchell Park Horticultural Conservatory

The Mitchell Park Horticultural Conservatory, more commonly known as the Mitchell Park Domes, consists of three glass conoidal domes designed by Donald L. Grieb Associates and built between 1959 and 1967, covering 45,000 square feet. During the winter, one of the domes features a garden railway display.

Train Ride at the Southridge Mall in Greendale, Wisconsin, in December 1997
Southridge Mall Train Ride

This train ride operated inside the Southridge Mall in the Milwaukee suburb of Greendale, Wisconsin. The Southridge Mall opened in 1970. This train (later repainted to resemble Thomas the Tank Engine) apparently operated until 2012 before being replaced by a trackless train in 2013.

Watertown Plank Road Overpass in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, in December 1997
Watertown Plank Road Overpass

This bridge in the Milwaukee suburb of Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, was built in 1910 by the Cleary-White Construction Company of Chicago for the Milwaukee, Sparta & Northwestern Railroad, as part of a 9-mile double track line that opened in 1911 from West Allis north to Butler, location of a 21-track yard with a capacity of 1500 freight cars intended to relieve congestion from the yards in downtown Milwaukee. The 175-foot 7-panel riveted Parker through truss main span was built by the Pennsylvania Steel Company of Steelton, Pennsylvania, and carried the railroad over the route completed in 1855 by the Milwaukee & Watertown Railroad, a predecessor of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad. Four approach spans built by the American Bridge Company of New York extend the bridge to a total length of 490 feet, crossing Underwood Creek and Watertown Plank Road, which began as a toll road in the 1830s. In 1912, the Milwaukee, Sparta & Northwestern Railroad was taken over by the Chicago & North Western Railway, which was merged into the Union Pacific Railroad in 1995. Meanwhile, the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad was purchased by the Soo Line Railroad in 1985, which was subsequently absorbed by its parent company Canadian Pacific in 1992.

Sunday, March 6, 2022

Trains in Portland & Vancouver in March 2002

My dad, Cliff West, took these pictures around March of 2002.

Union Pacific SD70M #4867 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon in March 2002
Photo by Cliff West

First, at Union Pacific’s Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, Union Pacific SD70M #4867 is a 4,000-horsepower SD70M that was assembled by Bombardier Inc. in Sahagun, Mexico, for the General Motors Locomotive Group in January 2002.

Chicago & North Western C44-9W #8603 in Vancouver, Washington in March 2002
Photo by Cliff West

Moving to the Amtrak depot in Vancouver, Washington, Chicago & North Western #8603 is a 4,380-horsepower Dash 9-44CW that was built by General Electric in November 1993. The Chicago & North Western was merged into the Union Pacific on April 24, 1995.

BNSF SW12 #3547 in Vancouver, Washington in March 2002
Photo by Cliff West

Burlington Northern Santa Fe #3547 was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in April 1957 as Great Northern 1,200-horsepower SW1200 #31. After the Great Northern was merged into the Burlington Northern on March 2, 1970, it became Burlington Northern #163 and was classified as an SW12. 

BNSF SW12 #3547 in Vancouver, Washington in March 2002
Photo by Cliff West

Following the merger of the Burlington Northern and the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe on September 22, 1995, this locomotive became Burlington Northern Santa Fe #3547 in July 1998.

Harsco Track Technologies RGH10C Rail Grinder in Vancouver, Washington in March 2002
Photo by Cliff West

This is a Harsco Track Technologies RGH10C Rail Grinder. It uses independently adjustable grinder heads to restore the profile of the rail and remove irregularities to extend rail life, reduce wear on equipment, and reduce fuel use. Harsco is a company based in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, with a history that dates back to 1853, when it was founded as the Harrisburg Car Manufacturing Company. It became Harrisburg Steel Corporation in 1935, and in 1956 it became Harsco Corporation with three divisions: Metals & Minerals, Rail, and Industrial. In 1979, Harsco Corporation merged with Fairmont Railway Motors, Inc., founded in 1905 by Frank E. Wade as Fairmont Machine Company, a small machine shop in Fairmont, Minnesota. Fairmont began producing small single cylinder engines in 1907, and was incorporated in 1909 and began to manufacture handcar-like rail vehicles powered by the two-cycle engines. Fairmont Railway Motors became Fairmont Gas Engine and Railway Motor Car Company in 1915, and then became Fairmont Railway Motors, Inc. in 1923. Fairmont acquired Mudge & Company of Chicago, another railway motor car business, in 1928. In 1940, Fairmont developed HY-RAIL® attachments to allow automobile and trucks to be used on rails as well as roads, and in 1955, Fairmont acquired the railcar interests of Fairbanks-Morse. In 1992, Harsco Corporation acquired Tamper Corporation, which was founded in Canada in 1934, creating Fairmont Tamper. In 1999, the Pandrol Jackson Company was merged with Fairmont Tamper to form Harsco Track Technologies. Pandrol Jackson had been formed in 1990, when Pandrol International, which in 1980 had formed a North American rail grinding joint venture with Speno Rail Services, acquired a 75% interest in ultrasonic rail flaw detection company Dapco Industries, as well as a controlling interest in Jackson-Jordan, Inc., which was created when Jackson Vibrators of Ludington, Michigan purchased the O.F. Jordan Company. Corwill Jackson founded the Electric Tamper & Equipment Company in Ludington, Michigan, in 1923, and created the electric vibrating hand tamper. Electric Tamper & Equipment Company was incorporated as Jackson Vibrators in 1937. In 1960, the O.F. Jordan Company was purchased by Jackson Vibrators of Ludington, Michigan, forming the Jackson-Jordan Company. The O.F. Jordan Company was founded by Oswald Falcus Jordan in 1898 to produce Jordan spreaders based on his 1891 patent with Robert Potts in Chicago, Illinois.

BNSF C44-9W #1040 in Vancouver, Washington in March 2002
Photo by Cliff West

Burlington Northern Santa Fe #1040 is a 4,400-horsepower Dash 9-44CW that was built by General Electric in October 1996.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Trains in Vancouver and Portland in October 2001

Burlington Northern SD40-2 #7807 in Vancouver, Washington, in October 2001
Photo by Cliff West

This group of pictures was taken by my dad, Cliff West, in October of 2001 at the Amtrak depot in Vancouver, Washington, and at Union Pacific’s Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon. We begin in Vancouver with Burlington Northern #7807, a 3,000-horsepower SD40-2 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in June 1977 as Colorado & Southern #937. Colorado & Southern was a subsidiary of Burlington Northern, and its locomotives were painted in Burlington Northern colors, but they had their own numbering system. These locomotives began to be renumbered in the Burlington Northern’s main numbering system in December 1978, and this locomotive became Colorado & Southern #7807. The Colorado & Southern was formally merged into the Burlington Northern on December 31, 1981, and this locomotive became Burlington Northern #7807. Following the merger of the Burlington Northern and the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe on September 22, 1995, this locomotive became Burlington Northern Santa Fe #7807.

Chicago & North Western Covered Hoppers in Vancouver, Washington, in October 2001
Photo by Cliff West

These four Chicago & North Western 100-Ton 5,250-Cubic-Foot 4-Bay Covered Hoppers at the Great Western Malting Company at the Port of Vancouver are part of a group of 100 numbered #490000 to #490999 that were built by Thrall between September 1993 and April 1994. These were some of the last freight cars built for the Chicago & North Western, and they became much more common in the Pacific Northwest after the Chicago & North Western was merged into the Union Pacific on April 24, 1995.

BNSF SD40-2 #7336 in Vancouver, Washington, in October 2001
Photo by Cliff West

Burlington Northern Santa Fe #7336 was originally built by General Motors Diesel, Ltd. in London, Ontario, in December 1968 as Canadian National #5075, a 3,000-horsepower SD40. It was retired in 1999 and was rebuilt by Alstom to an SD40-2 on October 5, 1999, and became Burlington Northern Santa Fe #7336, one of a group of 40 former Canadian National and Grand Trunk Western SD40s that became Burlington Northern Santa Fe #7300 to #7339.

Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Dash 8-40CW #853 in Vancouver, Washington, in October 2001
Photo by Cliff West

Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe #853 is a 4,000-horsepower Dash 8-40CW that was built by General Electric in October 1992.

BNSF SD40-2 #7336 in Vancouver, Washington, in October 2001
Photo by Cliff West

It was still somewhat rare at this point to see older locomotives that had been repainted in Burlington Northern Santa Fe's "Heritage I" paint scheme, so here are some more pictures of Burlington Northern Santa Fe SD40-2 #7336.

BNSF SD40-2 #7336 in Vancouver, Washington, in October 2001
Photo by Cliff West

The motive power consist for this freight train represented the 1995 merger of the Burlington Northern and the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe, with a BNSF-painted locomotive leading a locomotive in Burlington Northern's Cascade Green and a locomotive in Santa Fe's Blue & Yellow "Warbonnet."

BNSF SD40-2 #7336 in Vancouver, Washington, in October 2001
Photo by Cliff West

It is interesting that despite being recently rebuilt for BNSF service in 1999, this unit did not have its headlight moved from the cab to the short hood following the Santa Fe's practice that BNSF continued.

Burlington Northern SD40-2 #7052 in Vancouver, Washington, in October 2001
Photo by Cliff West

Burlington Northern #7052 is a 3,000-horsepower SD40-2 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in April 1978. Though this locomotive's BN paint scheme has not been modified yet, it has had its headlight moved from the cab to the short hood .

Union Pacific C44ACCTE #5762 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in October 2001
Photo by Cliff West

Moving on to Albina Yard in Portland, we see Union Pacific #5762, a 4,400-horsepower AC4400CW that was built by General Electric in March 2001. Union Pacific refers to this locomotive as a C44ACCTE, to make the model designation correspond to the form introduced by General Electric with the “Dash 7” line of 1977, and to indicate that this locomotive is equipped with General Electric’s “Controlled Tractive Effort” software, which limits maximum tractive effort when the locomotive is used as a distributed power unit in the middle or at the rear of a train.

Union Pacific SD70M #4011 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in October 2001
Photo by Cliff West

Union Pacific #4011 is a 4,000-horsepower SD70M that was built by the General Motors Locomotive Group in London, Ontario, and was delivered on July 31, 2000.

Southern Pacific O-100-7 Tank Car #67342 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in October 2001
Photo by Cliff West

Southern Pacific #67342 is a O-100-7 Class 23,500-Gallon Tank Car built by American Car & Foundry at Milton, Pennsylvania, in early 1974, part of a group of 50 numbered #67300 to #67349.

Union Pacific SD40T-2 #8725 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in October 2001
Photo by Cliff West

Union Pacific #8725 is a 3,000-horsepower SD40T-2 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in December 1978 as Southern Pacific #8525. After the Southern Pacific was merged into the Union Pacific on September 11, 1996, this locomotive became Union Pacific #4455 on November 23, 1997. It was renumbered to Union Pacific #8725 on May 6, 2001.

Union Pacific SD70M #4203 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in October 2001
Photo by Cliff West

Finally, Union Pacific #4203 is a 4,000-horsepower SD70M that was assembled by Bombardier Inc. in Sahagun, Mexico, for the General Motors Locomotive Group in August 2000.

Saturday, January 12, 2019

Railfanning Portland's Albina Yard in 1999

EMDX SD70M #7021 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

I took these pictures with my dad at Union Pacific's Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in August or September of 1999. Just a few years after Union Pacific's mergers with Chicago & North Western and Southern Pacific, it was still common to see locomotives wearing the paint schemes of these predecessors, as well as leased locomotives.

EMDX SD70M #7021 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Electro-Motive Leasing (EMDX) #7021 is a 4,000-horsepower SD70M that was built by the General Motors Locomotive Group in London, Ontario, in 1995 for lease service. It is painted in the later solid-burgundy paint scheme.

Southern Pacific SD70M #9811 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Southern Pacific #9811 is a 4,000-horsepower SD70M that was built by the General Motors Locomotive Group in London, Ontario, in June 1994.

Union Pacific C30-7 #416 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Way back in the engine terminal was Union Pacific #419, a 3,000-horsepower C30-7 that was built by General Electric in June 1978 as Union Pacific #2519. It was renumbered to Union Pacific #419 on February 4, 1997 to clear the 2400-series & 2500-series for GP38-3 units leased from Helm Leasing beginning in late 1996. Union Pacific's C30-7s were rare in the Pacific Northwest by this time.

Chicago & North Western Dash 8-40C #8501 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Chicago & North Western #8501 is a 4,000-horsepower Dash 8-40C that was built by General Electric in June 1989. This particular locomotive was CN&W's first Dash 8-40C, and also C&NW's first new GE road locomotive since it purchased 7 U30Cs in 1968. Starting with this locomotive, all of C&NW's new locomotives came from General Electric until it merged with Union Pacific in 1995.

Southern Pacific SL-4B Yard Slug #1010 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Southern Pacific #1010 is an SL-4B Yard Slug; it has no engine of its own, only traction motors, and must get its power from another locomotive. It is one of four such SL-4B slugs owned by Southern Pacific, which operated them with MP15AC locomotives #2732-2735. This slug was originally built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in March 1950 as Louisville & Nashville #2247, a 1,000-horsepower SW7 diesel switcher. In June 1979 it was rebuilt into a slug by the General Electric Apparatus Service Shop in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and it entered service as Southern Pacific #1010 on June 26, 1979.

Union Pacific SD40-2 #3973 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Union Pacific #3973 is a 3,000-horsepower SD40-2 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in April 1980 as Missouri Pacific #6073. This was the last of a group of 69 Missouri Pacific SD40-2s built to Burlington Northern specifications for unit coal train pool service with the BN, and was the highest-numbered SD40-2 on the Missouri Pacific. After the Missouri Pacific was merged into the Union Pacific in 1982, this locomotive was renumbered to Union Pacific #3973 on August 14, 1987, and was the highest-numbered SD40-2 in the 3900-series.

Union Pacific MP15DC #1312 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Union Pacific #1312 is a 1,500-horsepower MP15DC that was originally built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in May 1975 as Pittsburgh & Lake Erie #1588. It was purchased by Union Pacific in December 1984 and was delivered in mid-February 1985. It was painted in Union Pacific colors and became Union Pacific #1012 in May or June of 1985, and was renumbered to Union Pacific #1312 on September 21, 1987.

Union Pacific Dash 8-40C #9345 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Union Pacific #9345 is a 4,000-horsepower Dash 8-40C that was built by General Electric in February 1989.

Union Pacific SD40-2 #3652 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Union Pacific #3652 is a 3,000-horsepower SD40-2 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in December 1979.

Union Pacific SD40-2 #3080 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Union Pacific #3080 is a 3,000-horsepower SD40-2 that was built by Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in February 1975 as Chicago & North Western #6917. After the C&NW was merged into the Union Pacific on April 24, 1995, this locomotive became Union Pacific #3080 on December 16, 1996.

Southern Pacific SD70M #9803 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Southern Pacific #9803 is a 4,000-horsepower SD70M that was built by the General Motors Locomotive Group in London, Ontario, in July 1994.

EMDX SD70M #7017 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Electro-Motive (EMDX) #7017 is an SD70M that was built by the General Motors Locomotive Group in London, Ontario, in March 1995 for lease service. It is painted in the earlier burgundy, silver & gray paint scheme.

Union Pacific Dash 8-40CW #9384 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Union Pacific #9384 is a 4,000-horsepower Dash 8-40CW that was built by General Electric in February 1990.

Union Pacific Dash 8-40C #9178 at Albina Yard in Portland, Oregon, in 1999

Union Pacific #9178 is a 4,000-horsepower Dash 8-40C that was built by General Electric in July 1988.

Wednesday, June 20, 2018

Railfanning at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

I took these pictures at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997. This location is Union Pacific's the former Southern Pacific's Cascade Line, also known as the Natron Cutoff. This has always been a busy line, and all of these trains passed through with a short period of time, and all were northbound. It had been less than a year since Southern Pacific had been merged into Union Pacific, but the effects of the merger were already very evident in the locomotive consists of these trains.

Union Pacific SD50 #5048 at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

The first train we saw was a freight train led by Union Pacific #5048, a 3,600-horsepower SD50 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in December 1984. It was originally delivered in Union Pacific colors but with Missouri Pacific lettering. It was relettered for Union Pacific in August 1990.

Southern Pacific SD45R #7512 at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

The second unit in the train, Southern Pacific #7512 was originally a 3,600-horsepower SD45 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in April 1967 as Southern Pacific #8903. On June 29, 1984, it was upgraded at Southern Pacific's Sacramento Shops to an SD45R and was renumbered to Southern Pacific #7512.

Union Pacific SD40-2 #3258 at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

The train's third locomotive was Union Pacific #3258, a 3,000-horsepower SD40-2 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in June 1974. In April 1976, it was converted for 80-mph high-speed freight service, becoming Union Pacific SD40-2H #8018. It was converted back to a standard SD40-2 in April 1981 and regained its original number.

Chicago & North Western SD40-2 #6860 at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

The train's trailing unit was Chicago & North Western #6860, a 3,000-horsepower SD40-2 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in April 1974. The Chicago & North Western was merged into the Union Pacific on April 24, 1995.

Southern Pacific SD70M #9810 at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

The next train was another freight, led by Southern Pacific #9810, a 4,000-horsepower SD70M that was built by the General Motors Locomotive Group in London, Ontario, in June 1994.

Union Pacific SD40-2 #3216 at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

The second locomotive in the train was Union Pacific #3216, a 3,000-horsepower SD40-2 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in April 1973.

Union Pacific SD40-2 #B4250 at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

The third locomotive was Union Pacific #B4250, a 3,000-horsepower SD40-2 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in September 1978 as Missouri Pacific #3250. After the Missouri Pacific was merged into the Union Pacific in 1982, the locomotive became Union Pacific #4250 on July 13, 1988. On July 29, 1992, it was changed to trailing-unit-only service with the removal of cab signals, refrigerators, toilets, and cab seats, and was renumbered with the "B" prefix.

Denver & Rio Grande Western GP40-2 #3098 at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

The fourth locomotive was Denver & Rio Grande Western #3098, a 3,000-horsepower GP40-2 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in April 1972. The Denver & Rio Grande Western had merged with the Southern Pacific in 1988, but Rio Grande locomotives were still rare in the Pacific Northwest.

Union Pacific SD60M #6329 at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

The last locomotive in this train was Union Pacific #6329, a 3,800-horsepower SD60M that was built by the General Motors Locomotive Group in London, Ontario, in September 1992.

Southern Pacific SD40M-2 #8676 at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

Next came a four-unit helper set. The lead locomotive, Southern Pacific #8676, was originally a 3,600-horsepower SD45 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in October 1968 as Seaboard Coast Line #2023. After SCL was merged into CSX it became CSX #8923. It was retired and sold to VMV Enterprises in Paducah, Kentucky, where it became VMV #8923. In 1993, Southern Pacific contracted with MK Rail Corporation for 133 rebuilt 3,000-horsepower SD40M-2 locomotives. This locomotive was acquired by MK Rail and was rebuilt at its locomotive shop in Mountain Top, Pennsylvania, and was released on November 11, 1994, as Southern Pacific SD40M-2 #8676.

Southern Pacific SD40T-2 #8283 at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

At the other end of the helper set was Southern Pacific #8283, a 3,000-horsepower SD40T-2 that was built by the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors in June 1980.

Union Pacific SD60M #6188 at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

The last train we saw was a freight train led by Union Pacific #6188, a 3,800-horsepower SD60M that was built by the General Motors Locomotive Group in London, Ontario, in June 1989.

Union Pacific SD60M #6154 at Hampton, Oregon, on July 20, 1997

The trailing unit in this train's consist was Union Pacific #6154, a 3,800-horsepower SD60M that was built by the General Motors Locomotive Group in London, Ontario, in May 1989.